Color cinematography



May 4 1926. 1,583,108

J.A.BALL

COLOR C I NEMATOGRAPHY Filed Nov. 2, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet l Inventor 110661277 6213a ll by MW W his dttornqga May 4,1926. 1,583,108

J. A. BALL COLOR C I NEMATOGRAPHY Filed Nov. 2, 1921 s Sheets-Sheet 2 v 110661771 a. Zi'all wflwz W has dttormgn May 4,1926. 1,583,108-

J. A. BALL I COLOR C I NEMATOGRAPHY Filed Nov. 2, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 5- ea 7 Q 3 3 w Q) N g v LEM N w o m Q o I l it; [V S w g x N S K I A EUGWZ'OZ Jase "vii (Lball May 4 1926. 1,583,108

' Y J. A. BALL 7 COLOR CINEMATOGRAPHY Filed Nov. 2, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 I Q 9mm F Q/Mk & 71:19 dfiorfie gv May 4 1926. 1 1,583,108

J. A. BALL V COLOR CINEMATOGRAPHY Filed Nov. 2', 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet s L; 00000000000000 00 000000410 \"5 AULLU [JJZVQ 14/ '2 Q 0000000 no v S k i i L L .Zivvenlor I I Joseph mzmu a fizfizm fills attorney 4 Patented May 4, 1926.

UNITED STATES 1,ss3,1o8 PATENT OFFICE.

.rosarn a. BALL, or .nmnrca PLAIN, mssaonusn'rrs, Assrcmon, BY mnsun A8- ammnrs, 'ro rncnnrconon'morron PICTURE conrona'rrou, or nosrom mssacnusn'rrs, a oonrona'rron or MAINE.

COLOR crunmroenarnrr.

' Application filed November 2, 1921. Serial No. 512,399.

-.To all whom it may concern:

. Be it known that I, JOSEPH A. BALL, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Jamaica Plain, in the county of Sufiolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Color Cinematography, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the production. of complemental cinematographic films respectively bearing series of images representing different color aspects of an object field and more particularly to the production of complemental positive films which when placed in superposed registry and suitably colored are adapted to reproduce the object field more or less accurately in natural colors.

The principal objects of the invention are to produce such films rapidly and econo cally, to expose the respective films simu taneously or at least concomitantly in the same operation or stage of the process, to expose the films in such manner that they may continuously plass into parallel juxtaposition following t e printing operation, to facilitate the registration of the films with relation to each other, to control the exposure of respect to their average exposure and also with respect to their relative exposure, and in neral to provide an improved method an apparatus for producing complemen- Other objects of the invention are to provide for concomitantly printinga plurality of positive films from a single negative bearing plural series of complemental negatives, to provide means for advancingcind registering thepositive films in synchronism, P

to provide means common to the positive films for advancing and registerin same, to increase the shutter efliciency o apparatus using a plurality of beams of light, and to provide means for automatically varying a plurality of printing lights relatively to each other.

The invention comprises feeding a pinrality of films alon angular paths, the angles of which are a jacent, the P ths on one side of the angles extendin in parallel juxtaposition or at least in t e same genera direction, and concomitantly forming complemental series of images on the respective the films automatically both with films on the other side of the angles, either by direct exposure to the object field or byprinting from one or more negative films bearing complemental images. When the ser es of negative images are all on the same film the complemental images are preferably reversed with relation to each other, for ex-- ample-with their heads directed in opposite directions longitudinally of the film, as disclosed in Patent No. 1,457,500. a In any event the images are preferably formed on the positlves in reversed relationship relatively to each other so that their heads are all directed n the same direction when the films pass into parallel juxtaposition as aforesaid.

If the positiveimages are to be "converted into clear gelatin reliefs and subsequently stalned different colors, the positive films are preferablyprinted through the backs so that the exposed portions of the emulsions are located next to the celluloid as disclosed 111 Pat, 'No. 1,552,826 applied for on even date herewlth. The present invention provides means for accomplishing this and at'the same t1me permitting the films to be brought into parallel juxtaposition back-to-back after which they ma be immediately cemented together and su sequently developed as disclosed in application Sr. No. 512,398, filedv on even date herewith.

The images of the respective series may be printed (or otherwise exposed) simultaneously or alternately. When exposing simultaneously, each image of a complemental set (a set comprising one image in each series) may be exposed at a time, or one image of one set and series and another image of another set and series, etc., may be exosed at the same time. However, it is important that the images printed at the same time (or in immediate succession) represent.

at least approximately the same time phase of the object field in order that the light for exposing the images of the respective series may be readily controlled to maintain the proper color balance between the images of the respective series. ,Consequently 1f the images of each set are not exposed simultaneously they should be exposed in close succession; and when printing one image 0 image of another set and series, the ima f m: 1 one set and series simultaneously with an simultaneously printed should be in ad a- I printing of the-respective series in response to variations in the negatives, it being understood that the negatives vary in density throughout the length of the owing to till 4 lights;

variations in light conditions, speed of the camera, etc. The variations in the negatives may be in the form of recesses in the edges at spaced intervals corresponding to the variations in density. The automatic control preferably comprises means for varying the light for each series in like manner, thereby to regulate the average exposure of the complemental positives, and-also means for varying the light for the respective series in difierent manner, thereby to regulate the relative exposure of the complemental positives without substantially changing the average exposure.

The film gates or openings through which the complemental positives are exposed are preferably adjacent to facilitate the light control and the registrationoi'f the positives while being printed, the registering mechanism preferably being at least in part common to the positive films. In order to locate the film gates close together and at the same time shutter the light passing to the respective film gates simultaneously and quickly, the light paths preferably cross intermediate the lights and the film gates, in which case the shutter is located near where the light crosses so as to cover and uncover all the light paths with a minimum loss of time.

In order to illustrate the nature'oil the invention, one concrete embodiment has been shown in the accompanying drawings, in which,-

Fig. l is a front elevation of the principal parts of a printer embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation oi'the printer;

Fig. 3 is a section on line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a section on line 41-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 of Fig. i;

. Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-6 of Fig. l;

Fig. 7 is a section on line 7-7 of Fig. 1; Fig. 8 is a section on line 88 of Fig. 7 Fig. 9 is in dllarnmlatlc view illustrating the relationship between the printing lights and gates;

10 is a section on line 10-10 of i ig. ll is a rear elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 10, as viewed from the left of Fig. 10;

ig. 12 is a diagrammatic view of means for automatically controlling the printing Fig. 13 is a erspective view. or films showing their relhtionship in the region of the gates and showing one method of a s;

resales Fig. id is a similar view showing another method of printing; and

Fig. 15 is a similar view showing still another method of printing.

The particular embodiment of the invention chosen for the purpose of illustration is adapted to print from one negative N simultaneously upon separate positives F and P, the negative bearing two series of complemental images, one series being printed on positive F and the other series betin printed on positive F. The negative lm is fed from a suitable feed reel (not shown) downwardly over sprocket wheel R, thence through film tensioning means A, thence through film-gates G and G, thence downwardly over sprocket wheel F, thence over sprocket wheel B, and thence to the take-up reel (not shown). Between the film-gates G and G a roller '3 is mounted on an eccentric shaft 8,.as shown in Fig. 8, so that by rotating the shaft 8, the path of the between the two film-gates may be shortened or lengthened atwill to bring the images of the negative into approximate registration with the respective film-gates.-

The positive film F is led downwardly from a feed roll (not shown) over sprocket wheel K, thence through film tensioning means A, thence through film-gate G, thence over roller 1, thence under perforator 2 sliding in opening 2, thence over roller 3, sprocket wheel L, sprocket wheel N, and thence td the take-up reel (not shown). The positive film P is fed upwardly from a feed reel (not shown) over sprocket wheel Fl, thence over sprocket wheel X which is frictionally retarded by tensioning means A", through film-gate Gr, thence over roller 4, under pertorator 5asliding in opening 5 over roller 6, sprocket wheel J, sprocket wheel 9, and thence to a take-up reel (not shown). Y

The mechanism for driving the movable parts of the printer are shown in Fig. 2

lit

where C represents the main driving pulley (Figs. land 5) which also carries the gear 7 12. Gear 12 is rotatably mounted on shaft 11 but is adapted to be clutched thereto by means of pins 18 movable longitudinally of the shaft by means of a groove sleeve 14 arm 15 and actuator 16 which is threaded on link 17 and held against the outer face of the casing Z by means of spring 18, whereby the clutch is thrown out by the spring 18 when the actuator 16 is threaded outwardly along the link 17. The gear 10 meshes with the gear 19 on the shaft of sprocket wheel F (Fig. 1) which in turn meshes with gear 20 on the shaft of sprocket wheel B (Fig. 1), this shaft carrying a smaller gear 21 meshing with a larger gear 22 on the shaft H. Mounted at the side of gear is a beveled gear 23 meshing with beveled gear 24 on shaft 25 which in turn drives the sprocket wheel B (Fig. 1) through beveled gears 26 with gear 30 and drives the sprocket wheel E (Fig. 1). The gear 28 meshes with gear 31 on shaft I. Gear 31 drives gear 32 which actuates sprocket K (Fig. 1), also with gear 33 which actuates sprocket J, also with gear 34 which is mounted on shaft M. Shaft M carries a smaller gear 35 meshing with gear 36 which drives sprocket wheel N (Fig. 1). Gear 36 meshes with gear 37 on the shaft which carries sprocket 0 (Fig. 1) This shaft also carries-gear 38 meshing with gear 39 on shaft P. A pulley 40 is fast to gear 39 for driving parts of the machine not shown. Gear 31 carries on one side beveled gear 41 meshing with beveled gear 42 on shaft 43 which drives shutter S. Shaft 43 carries a cam having three cam grooves 44, 45, 46 for purposes hereinafter described.

The sprocket wheels F, J and L are driven intermittently through Geneva'movements F, J and L (Fig. 1), these movements having the usual fly-wheels e, j and Z shown in Fig. 2.

The mechanism for accurately positioning the films in the film gates comprises pressure plates Q, and Q mounted on tubular shaft 47 through arms 48 and 48' (Figs. 7 and 8).

The shaft 47 has an arm 49 extending in the opposite direction from arms 48 and 48' and on the end of arm 49 is a cam roll- 50 disposed in the cam groove 44 above referred to.

The registering mechanism also comprises registering pins 51 which slide in guides 52 and are actuated by arms 53 mounted on tubular shaft 54, this shaft having an arm 55' carrying a cam roll 56 working in cam groove 45.

As above stated, the films are tensioned by tensioning means A, A and A and in order to release this tension just prior to the advance of the registering pins 51 into the sprocket holes of the films, the following mechanism is provided: The rollers 3 and 6' and 6 move to the left and the roller 63 to the right, thereby releasing the tension on the three films.

The cams 44, 45 and 46 are timed so that the parts 0 erate inthe following sequence: After the lms stop the registering pins begin to advance, and after the tapered forward ends of the pins pass through the sprocket holes the tension is released, and after the pins are fully inserted the pressure plates Q and Q, are advanced .to press the films in flatwise contact. After the images are printed, the pressure plates retract, the registering pins retract and the tension is reestablished.

Separate lights U and V are provided for the respective film gates, the paths of which cross as shown in Fig. 9. These lights are enclosed in a lamp house (not shown) located at the left of Fig. 1 and the light paths are enclosed by means of a casing formed in two parts 64 and 65, the part65 telescoping into the part 64 to facilitate threading films through the film gates. A partition 66,

having a central opening 67, is provided immediately in advance of the shutter S and the lights are so positioned that their beams shutterbeing placed at or' near the place where the beams cross.

The mechanism for controlling the lights U and V, as illustrated in Figs. 10, 11 and 12, is constructed as follows: the lamps are connected to a source of current 68 through variable resistance 69 and 70. Taps from the resistance coils 69 and 70 connect with vertical bars 71 which have a series of openings to receive contact plugs 74. A contact bar 72 slides vertically in guides .7 3 in juxtaposition to the bars 71 so as to contact with plugs such as indicated at 74 in the openings 75. The circuit for the lamps is as follows: From one side of the source of current through conductor 76, thence through resistance 69, thence through one of the bars 71 to a plug 74 contacting with bar 72, thence throu h bar 72 to a plug 74 connecting with one o the taps of resistance 70, thence'in parallel through the resistance 70 and lamps U and V. back to the source of currentthrough conductor 77.

The bar 72 is arranged to be stepped downwardly by means of an escapement mechanism! 8 controlled by magnet 79 and switch 80. The switch 80 comprises two parts 81 and 82, the part 82 comprising an arm pivoted at 83. and carrying at its lower end a roller 84 rolling on theedge of the negative film N. The negative film is provided with notches in this edge at predetermined intervals and as one of these notches passes under roller 84, arm 82 moves in a ltl the desired variation in the average intensity of the printing light and the plugs are ar- Elli ranged in the right-hand bank of bars ii in accordance with the desired variation in the relative intensity of the lights U and V. When it be desired to vary the average intensity without varying the relative intensity, succeeding plugs in the left-hand bank are laterally offset from each other while the plugs in the corresponding rows of the right-hand bank are placed one above the other, and vice versa. Consequently when the bar 72 moves downwardly from one plug to another plug laterally odset from the tirst plug, one of the resistances 69 and i is varied to control the average or relative intensity of the printing lights respectively.

lln Fig.1? one method of printing the complemental images is illustrated in which the negative film N carries pairs of images F F F etc., of which the images of each pair are arranged toot-to-iloot in syetrical reversed relationship longitudinally of the film. T and W represent the printing lights for the respective images, this tigure as well as Figs. 1d and illustrating the possibility of using separate lights without crossing their paths although it is to be un derstood that the aths may be crossed as above described. n Fig. 13 the images of each complemental set, which are juxtaposed,

are printed simultaneously at equal distances from opposite sides of the horizon 'al plane between the juxtaposed portions ot the positives l? and P. lln thus printing mtaposed I images it will be understood that the himgates should be juxtaposed or made in the form of a suitable double-size film-gate instead of being separated as alcove described.

in Fig. it the arrangement is that of the embodiment above described in detail except that the paths of the printing lights are not shown as being crossed. With the filmgates separated by two intervening picture spaces an image of one pair oil complemental images is printed inthe lower film-gate at the same time that a dillerent image ot another set is printed in the upper film-gate. As shown in Fig. la the images printed simultaneously are in adjacent complement: al sets, the inverted image of set three being in printing position in the lower film-gate while the upright image of set two is in printing position in the upper film-gate.

This operates the.

llith this arrangement the images of each complemental set do not register with each other when the films pass into parallel juxtaposition iii the horizontal plane between the juxtaposed portions oil the positives is halfway between the two film-gates. @n the contrary the upper positive P is one picture spgce ahead of the lower positive P. In such case the pertorators 2 and 5 are employed to perforate the respective films at corresponding points, as for example, immediately before or immediately after the series of images are printed; for example, after the machine has been threaded, the perforators 2 and 5 may be pressed toward the films to perforate same before the ma.- chine is started. With these periiorators spaced apart a distance equal to one picture space, they will perforate the respective positives at corresponding points so that it the films are subsequently started through a cementing machine (such as described in prior till lllli application Sr. No. 500,842 filed Sept. 15,-.

1321) with the perforations in registry, the complemented images will register with each other.

lt it is desired to have the film-gates separated and at the same time have the complemental images register with each other when the positives are brou. htinto parallel juxtaposition, the paths of t e positive films from the film gates may bemade-ot dilderent lengths as for example by the use of rollers 85, 86 and 87 as shown in Fig. l5, the path of the upper positive being made sulhciently longer to bring the complemental images in registry beyond roller 87.

At times it is desirable to advance the negative film without advancing the positive films, as for example when it is desired to omit a section of the negative film. With the present machine this'can be accomplished without unthreading the films, merely by throwing out the clutch'lfi, advancing the negative the desired distance and then throwing the clutch in again.

For the sake of simplicity and clarity the film printed from is herein referred to as the negative and the films printed upon are referred to as positives. However, it will be understood that inasmuch as negatives can be printed from positives equally well ac- Ell till

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cording to the present invention, as for ex the respective films on the other side of the angles.

2. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding a plurality of films alon angular paths the angles of which are a jacent and the center lines of which lielin the same plane on both sides of the angles, the pathson one side of the angles extending in the same general direction, and concomitantly forming complemental series of images on therespective films on the other side of the angles.

3. The method of making com lemental cinematograhic films which compnses feeding a plurality of films along angular paths with the emulsion sides of the films on the inner sides, of the angular paths, the paths on one side of the angles extending in the same general direction, and concomitantly forming complemental series of images on the respective films on the other side of the angles by exposing the films through their 7 backs. Y

- 4. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding a plurality of films along angular paths the angles of which are adjacent, the paths on one-side of the angles extending in opposite directions, and concomitantly forming complemental series of images on the respective films on said side of the angles.

5. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding a plurality of films along angular paths the angles of which are adjacent, the paths on one side of the angles extending in opposite directions, and simultaneously forming the complemental images on the respective films on said side of' the angles adjacent to theanles.

6. e method of making complemental cinemato phic films which com rises feeding two lms toward each other 1n the same plane and thence laterally relatively to said plane, and concomitantly forming complemental series of ima es on the films respectively while in said lane.

7. The method 0? making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding two films toward each other in the same plane and thence laterally to the same side of said plane, and concomitantly forming complemental series of images'on the films respectively while in said plane.

8. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding two films toward each other in the same plane and thence laterally in arallel' juxtaposition, and concomitantly complemental series of images on respectively while in said plane. I

9. The method of making complemental cinematographic films feeding two films toward each other in the same plane and thence laterally to thesame orm ng the films which com rises osition, and concomitantly forming complemental series'of images on the films respecv tively while in said plane, the images of the series being formed in reversed relation toeach "other longitudinally of the film so that they are directed in the samedirection when they pass into parallel juxtapo-' sition 1 11. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feedin two films toward each other and thenceglaterally with their backs directed toward each other, and concomitantly forming complemental series of images on the films respectively immediately beforethey pass laterally as aforesaid, the films being exposed through theirbacks.

12. The method ofmaking complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding two films toward each other and thence laterally back-to-back in parallel 'juxin reversed taposition, and concomitantly forming complementalseries of images on the films respectively immediately before they pass lat-v erally as aforesaid, the films" being exposed through their backs.

13. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding'two films along paths which-approach each other and thence proceed in the same general direction, and concomitantly forming complemental series of'images on the films respectively in the portions of the paths whlch approach each other. 14. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding two films along paths which approach each other and thence proceed in parallel juxtaposition and concomitantly forming complemental series of images on the films respectively immediatel 1n ad vance of the parallel portions of t e paths. 15. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding two films along paths which approach each other, concomitantly forming complemental series of images on said films respectively while in said aths, and thence feeding the films in para el juxtaposition, the images bein so positioned onthe films that correspon g ints thereof register when the films are ed into parallel juxtae position.

l 16. The method of making complem tal cinematographic which comprises feeding two films along angular paths the angles of which are adjacent, the paths on one side of the angles extending in difierent directions, feeding film hearing complemental series of images parallel to said paths on said side of the angles, .and concomitantly printing said complemental series on said tively.

18. The method of making complemental cinematographic s which comprises feeding two films toward each other in the sa plane and thence laterally in parallel juxtaposition, feeding fi hearing complemental series of images parallel to said plane, and concomitantly printing the complemental series on said two films respectively while in said plane.

19. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding two films along paths which approach each other into juxtaposition and thence proceed in the same general direction, feeding film hearing complemental series of images parallel to the portions of said paths which approach each other, and concomitantly printing the complemental series on said two films respectively in said parallel portions. I

20. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises f eedin two films along paths which approach each other into juxtaposition and thence proceed laterally in parallel juxta position, feeding film hearing complemental series of images parallel to the portions of said paths which approach each other, and concomitantly printing the complemental series on said two films respectively in said parallel portions.

21. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding two films along paths which approach each other and thence feeding the lms in parallel juxtaposition hack-to-hack, and concomitantly forming complemental series of images on the films respectively by exposing them through the hacks in the portions of said paths which approach each other.

22. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises iieeding two films along paths which approach each other and thence proceed in the same general direction, feeding hearing relatively inverted series of complemental images parallel to the portions of said paths which approach each other, and concomitantly printing the inverted series on said two films respectively so. that when the films proceed in the same general direction the printed images are not inverted relatively to each other. 23.- The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises concomitantly printing complemental series of images on separate films respectively from a single width fi hearing a plurality of complemental series, and subsequentlp bringing the films into juxtaposition wit their complemental images in registry,

2d. Themethod of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises the step of concomitantly printing complemental series of images on separate films i.

respectively from one film hearing a plurality of complemental series.

25. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding aplurality of films along paths at least in part adjacent and concomitantly printing complemental series of images on said films respectively from one film hearing a plurality of complemental series.

26. The method of making complemental cilicmatographic films which comprises feeding a plurality of films along paths which in part are in parallel juxtaposition, and concomitantly forming complemental series of images on the films respectively in such relationship that the images which are complemental to each other register with each other in the parallel part of the paths.

27. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding positive films and a negative film bearingcomplemental series of negatives alongpaths in part adjacent, concomitantly printing the complemental series on the positive films, and automatically varying the printing light density of the complemental negatives.

28. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding positive films and a negative film bearing complemental series of negatives along paths ing complemental series of negatives along paths in part adjacent, concomitantly printing the complemental series on the positive films, and hutomatically varying the printing light in proportion to variations in both the average density and the relative density oi the complemental negatives.

in proportion tovariations in the average l means 30. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feedmg positive films and a negative film hearing complemental series of negatives along paths in part adjacent, concomitantly printing complemental series ofnegatives along paths in part adjacent, concomitantly printing complemental series of positives on the positive films from the seriesl of negatives, and automatically varying the relative exposure of the complemental positives.

32. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feed ing positive films and a negative film bear ing complemental series of negatives along part adjacent, concomitantly print I negatives, and means for automatically varypaths in ing comp emental series of positives on the phsitive films from the series of negatives, and automatically varying the average ex posure of the complemntalfpositives subthe relative exf" stantially independently of posure thereof.

33. The method of making complemental l cinematographic films which comprisesfeed-j ing positive films and axnegative 'film bearing complemental series of negatives alongpaths in part adjacent, concomitantly printing complemental series of positives on the positive films from the series of negatives,

and automaticallyvarying the relative ex-' posure of the complemental positives substantially independently of the image 'eX- posure thereof.

34. The method of making complemental cinematographic films which comprises feeding positive films and a negative film hearing complemental series of negatives along paths in part adjacent, concomitantly printing complemental series of positives on the positive films from the series of negatives,

and automatically varying the average ex-' .posure of the complemental positives substantially independently of the relative exposure thereof and automatically varying the relative exposure of the complemental positives substantially independently of the average exposure thereof. l

35. Apparatus for printing complemental cinematographic films comprising mechanism for feeding positive films and film bearing complemental series of negatives along'paths in part adjacent, means for concomitantly printing complemental series of positives on the positivefilm from the series of negatives, and means for conjointly varying the exposure of the complemental positives, said first means including a light for each series of positives, and said last means 31."The method of making complemental for each series of positives, and said last means including a light controller for varying the average exposure of the lights in response to variations in the negative film.

.37. Apparatus for printing complemental.

' cinematographic films comprising mechanism for feeding positive film and film hearing 'eomplemental series of negatives along paths in part adjacent, means for concomitantly printing complemental series of positives on the positive film from the series of ing the exposure of the complemental positives, said first means including a light for each series of positives, and said last means including a light controller for varying the 1 relative exposure of the lights in response to variations in the negative film.

I38. Apparatus for printing complemental cinematographic films comprising mechanism for feeding positive film and film bear ing complemental series of negatives along paths in part adjacent, means for concomimeans including light controllers for varying both the average exposure and the relative exposure of the lights-in response to variations in the negative film.

39. Apparatus for printing complemental cinematographic films comprising means for feedinga plurality of films along paths which in part are in parallel juxtaposition, means for concomitantly printing from negative film complemental series of images on the films respectively in such relationship that the images which are complemental to each other register with each'other, said last means including a light for each series of images, and film-controlled'means for separately varying said lights in proportion to variations in the density of the images.

40. Apparatus for printing complemental cinematographic films comprising means for feeding a plurality of films'along paths which in part are in parallel juxtaposition, and means for concomitantly printing from negative film, in non-parallel parts of the paths.

4:2. Apparatus for printing complemental cinemato rap'hic films comprising mechanism for teeding a plurality of films and one film hearing complemental series ofiimagesalong paths in part adjacent, and means for concomitantly printing said series from said one film on said plurality of films respectively.

43. Apparatus for printing complemental cinematographic films comprising mechanism for feeding a plurality of films along divergent paths, and film hearing complemental series of images in parallelism with said paths with the center lines of all the films in the same plane, and means for concomitantly printing said series on said plurality or" films respectively.

it. Apparatus for printing complemental cinematographic films comprising mechanism for feeding a plurality of films and one film hearing complemental series of images in parallelism with their center lines in the same plane, and means tor concomitantly printing said series from said one film on said plurality of films respectively.

45. Apparatus for printing complemental cinematographic fis comprising mechanism for feeding a plurality oil films and film. hearing complemental series of images along paths in part adjacent, and means for concomitantly printing said series on said plurality of films respectively through their hacks.

46. Apparatus for printing complemental cinematographic films comprising mechanism for feeding a plurality of films and film hearing complemental series or images along paths in part adjacent, means for concomitantly printing said series on said lurality of films respectively through t eir hacks, and means for suhsequently h ringing the films into parallel juxtaposition haclt-to-haclr. 47. Apparatus for printing complemental cinatographic films comprising mocha nism for feedinga plurality of films and film hearing complemental series of images along paths in part adjacent, means for concomitantly printing said series on said plurality of films respectively through t eir hacks, and means for continually bringing the into parallel juxtaposition leach-ta neearoe i l8. Apparatus for printing complemental cinematographic films comprising mechanism for feeding a plurality of films and hearing complemental series oil images along paths all of which are in part parallel to each other, and means for concomitantly printing said series on saidpluralityol filmsvrespectively'in said parallel portions ot the paths.

49. Apparatus forprinting complemental cinematographic films comprising mechanism lorlfeeding a plurality of films along paths approaching each other and thence extending in the. same general direction, mechanism for feeding a hearing complemental series of images parallelism with the portions of said paths wmch preach each other, and means for concomi tantly printing said series on said oi films respectively in said portions of the paths.

50. Apparatus for printing complemental cinematographic films comprising mechanism for feeding aplurality of films along paths approaching each other and thence extending in the same general diiectimi i k mechanism nor reeding a nlm hearing com- 'plemental series of images in parallelism with the portions. of said paths'vvhich preach each other, and means for concomitantly printing said series on said plurality of films respectively in said portions of the paths, said printing means comprising a separate light for each of said plurality of paths of the lights lacing said printing means comprising a separate light ler each of said plurality of films, and the paths of the lights heing crossed, and a shutter crossing smd paths near Where they cross.

52. The method of repmducing on separate. secondary films complemental ries of reversed with respect to each other on a single primary film which comprises printing one series on one secondary film andprinting the other series on another secondary film, one secondary film losing advanced in the same direction as the primary film and the other secondary film heing advanced in a direction opposite to that of the primary film in the printing opera tions.

(ill

another series of images with the printed film advancing in a direction opposite to that of said single film, thereby to superpose 0 the complemental printed images in registry. Signed by me at Boston, Mass, this 29th day of October 1921.

' JOSEPH A.

53. The method of reproducing complemental series of images, the complemental images of the respective series being reversed with respect to each other on a single film,

5 which comprises printing one series of images with the printed film advancing in the same direction as said single film and printing 

